Recoil-operated firearm.



M. BYE. RBCOIL OPBRATED FIRBARM.

nrmouloa nun :um 23.1904. y,

Nunn-m7311251 1.

PATBNTED PEB. 6, 1906.

M. BYE. RBGIL OPERATBD PIREARM.

7 SHEBTS-SHBBT 2,

APPLIUATION FILED JULY 23, i904.

PATENTED PEB. 6, 19%.

M. BYE. REGOIL GPERATED FIREARM.

APPLIUA'HGH ILED JULY 23.1904.

'I SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Meeqes.:

PATBNTED PEB. 6, 1906.

No. 312mg.

M.' BYE. REGIL @NZRTED PIREARM.

unma'rxo' FILED mm' sa. 1904.

v 7 SHEETS-SHEET 4A i PATENTED FEB. 6, 1906.

M. BYE.

RECGIL OPERA-TBB FIREARM.

PPLIUAIDE FILED JULY 23,1904.

SHEETSv-SHBET PATBNTBDV PEB. 6, 1906.

M. BYE.

RECIL OPERTED FIREARM.

uzmmnmx runs mi? as. w04,

REcoiL-QPERATEQ Fiemme.

No. 812.01 s.

Speclcotion of Letters Potent.

I atented Feb. 6, 1906.

Appiaaton filed July' 23. 1904. uria No. ZILML To (LZ/ wilful/1, it nung; norm/:rfi:

Be it known that I, Miiii'rm BYE, a citizen of the United States, residingr at Woroesster, in the county' oi XfVoroostor and State oi lviiiseaoliusetts, he. vo in vented certain new mail useful Impriwi-.monto in Itoooil Opm-ritmi Firearms, of which the foliovifing is e eoifoilr cation.

My invention roiiite to u recoil-operatorl firearm :ind tlw object of my invention is to improve upon' the construction of o recoil-- operated firearm s ordinarily mode.

In my improvements I combine with the frame or hendle portion amd the recoil-barrel and borrel extension and thebreeeiebolt o. double sliding looking-bolt or e bolt with two separated lockingsurfaoes, whioh two sui'- faices engage, two separat-od recesses in the under side of the breech-boit im d have o pooitive looking action to iook the breoolhbolt and prevents its recoil or backward motionon the Iiring of the firearm until after the re ooil of the oarreiv The roooil of the bitrroi ori the firing of the firearm and when the buik-)t is at the outer end of the. muzzle operates the ositive locking-bolt and releases the broochiiolt and aliows it, with the firing-pin, to reooii or be moved back from the lotion of the to extract and throw out the Shell and to oook the firing-pin. The breeoh-bolt ismoved forward by itsactuating-spring, new cartridge is forced into position, and the bar-rei errebzirrei extension are also moved forward into their normai position. The forward move ment of the barrel and burrei extension oper? ates the looiiingduoit and moves it into engagement with tho breooheboit to iook the same in its forward position with the firingpin Booked and the iirearm ready to be dis.n ohitrged, The breech-bolt siiding ioolririgbolt, above referred to, when the firearm is charged and cooked ready to lire is preferably seated or has .e boerirwr on the upper rear Surface of the frame or iandie portion, which has two recesses therein to receive the bolt when it is moved backward. The upper surface of the boit extends through two openings. in the under side ofthe barrel extension und into two recesses in the under side of the breech-bolt. The recoi or backward movement of thobarrel and barrei extension moves i. backward the ookinglaolt ou its sont or bearing and cal-uses it to drop into the recesses in tho upper side of the frame, but without disconnecting its upper surface from the borrel extension. The dropping down of the looktary bolt has :in ixernai spring thumblian iogilioflt wiifimwr. iis opper :surface from the rooonmifi iu tlw undvr sirio of tho brooch liolt imo )www will boit fri-.o 'to zuovo va-eolivvoril mi!! 'llio ferr torti! w: f; eiiggugeii by tio: out o? the r i normoi simi. i i anni ile 15: into tiro ro in the under of tiro liroooivholt to fork tho somo in its forward poition, ei? will be hereinafter ioiiy dol scribed.

lo my ii'nprovenir-nto I also provide ri ro tary boit wit-li o ing ii'iereon, 'which aoteei o lock to lioiii tlm lmi'rri and barre-i extension and breeoiiiiol' on the frame and prevent thoirefoidental roiriovfii therefrom. The ro die, wliioii extentie over omi hoiris tile brig or@ pin in pierre. I also provide o Safety-slide, which ioolas the Soar until the Safety-loool' on the imiiile is pressed in. .I also provide a saisi. i 'or in the form of rotary boltawitli or; mitos-mil handle, which looks the sieve-rel parts oud proffonte :my ucoidentai dieoherge of the iireorm in Carr Ting or handiing.

I employ two Spiro. exporisionsprmgs, one for the .riogpiu and the other one erioiroiing the first one for the breooiii2oit. I employ e look which when the lest sliei is thrown out rigid the breech ooit drawn beek to iteJ roar moet poszition guelied in to engage und ook tire broeriyboit to ioad the magazine. A if Spring aci-s to move out and hold out look.. i

I preforobiy make thi'- lmrrei and borrel extension in one piece, and I do not use any sorewe icio-l1 have to be removed in taking the firearm eport.

My invention consists in oertalii'i novel fea tures of ctmstruotiim of my improvements above referred to, as will be horeinafterfully ziosoril Jod 1 havo shown in the drawings my implorew monto embodied in a Firearm of the piston dass.

R ei'erring to the drawingsi Figure 1 is e eiiie View of aY recoil-firearm omborying my improveniente. Fig. 2 is 'a partial sectional View showing the barrel und barrel extension in their baekwerd position on the reooii with the iooking-bolt in n position to release the broocbboit. Fig. 3 corresponds to Fig. 2Q Showing thc looking-bolt dropped down, but the breech-bolt released and 111 its backward of the breech-bolt 4 end honi-s nt one ond against the front sido of the projection 1" and at its other end against en ennnler shoulder 4 on the inner side of the brocoli-holt 4. (See Fi 5.) The spring 11 nots to [novo for ward t le hrccclieholt 1 after it hes been moved heck to eject the cartridge nini reload the iireerin. The hook und l0 of thv cxtrector 1U, in the upper -ido of the front ond of the breech-bolt 4 cngeges the llnnge on the cartridge, as shown in Fig. .3, to withdrew i1. from the barrel and cause it to he ejected in the ordinary wey.

The senr 11 {shown detached in Fig. 17) consists in this instance of e liet ongolnr piece seated in a recess on the under sido o1 the lierrel extension 3 et the rear end of the her-rc1 2. (See Fig. 11.) @n one end of the soar 11 is e.

rojection 1 1, having thereon an inward projection 11", which is adopted to extend into the path of the projection 6 on the firingpin 6. A small spiral spring 12 extends into en opening in the under side of the barrel extension 3 end bears against the foremost 'free end of the scar 11, as shown in Fig. 1B, and aetsto move down seid end, and with it the extension 1 1" on the opposite end of the sear, to cause Seid extension to move into end be held in the path of the projection 6 on the In ord er to move the senr 1 1 evninst the action of the spring 12 and conse the projection 11" thereon to move out of the path of the projection 6 on the tiring-pin G to :allow the firing-pin 6 to he operated, a triggerpewl 13, pivoted at its lower end in e recess on the rear upper ed e of thc trigger 14 and actuated by a. smn l leaf-spring 15, (see Fig. 7,) is adapted to extend under and engage with its upper end on the drawing back of the trigger 14,' ivoted on the pin 16, the end of the 11 see Fig. 6) neer the spring 12 to move seid Sear upwardly against the notion of said spring 12 and to inoverthe senr and the pro jection 11 thereon out of the path of the pro- ]ection 6"N on the firing-pin 6.

The operation of the trigger and the mech enism shove described for releasing the tiringpin to allow it to discharge the cert-ridge is grevented by e slidin safety-ber 17, (see igs. 1 9, 20', and 21,) w iich bar is edapted to fit4 into s. groove in the upper side oi'l the frame 1 at one edge thereof, es shown in Figs. 12 and 19. Seid bar 17 has a hooked front end 17', having a recess 17 therein which is adapted to receive the transverse port of the searll when it is in its outer position with the projection 11 extending in the petn of the projection 6 on the firingpin 6 and prevent it from being moved inwardly against the action of the spring 12 by the ongegement .of the trigger-pew] 13 therewitn, es above described.

The sliding safetyhsr 1? hals e pin 1? thereon, which extends out from the inner side thereof und is adopted to extend into n notch 1S in the upper end of a safety-lever 18, located et the rear of the handle portion of the remel. (See Fig. 6.) 'lhe safety lever 18 has a broadened outer edge 18 to he engaged liv the operator. The lower end of thesn'etyelever 18 has projections 115 thereon adopted to enter undercut portions in the lower` roer end of' the handle iortion to hold the lover in pince. Two len. -springs 19 extend in recesses in thc rear part of the handle portion, one et euch side of the lint mrtion of the lever 18, and are attached et their lower ends end nre preferably used to prees out the oppor end oi' the lever 1S. (See Fig. 6.) To lire the iireerm, it is necessary to Press in the eerotvdover 18 et its upper end. llie inward movement of the lever 18, .through engagement with the pin 17a on the sliding her 17, moves forward the sliding her 17 end disengeges the recess 17 thereon from the transverse her of the Sear 11 to allow t xo upward movement of seid scar through tire engagement of the triggenpewl 13 therewith on thel backward movement of the trigger 14. The sliding sefety-bar 17 has also 1n its under edge n curved recess 17", (see Fig. 20,) which is adopted to receive e rounded projection 20 on e rotary bolt 20, (see Fig. 28,) which hes e bearing in the upper side of the freine 1, es Shown in Fi and is operated by the external thum -lever 21. (See Fig. 1.) The roter locking-bolt 2O in its normal position has t ae flat ortion 20, (see Fig. 28,) which allows the ongitudinally-sliding safety-bar to move freely thcreover. When it is desired to lock the seietyehar 17 in its reerinost position, the rotation of the bolt 2U by the movement rearwardly of the thumb-lever or hendfle 21 through an nrc of substantially one hundred and eighty degrees, will cause tho rounded under side of the bolt et the end thereof contiguous to the handle to enter the recess 17 in the sliding safety-bar 17 and lock seid bor to prevent any accidentel dischnrge of theI firearm in carrying or handling the seme. A small spring (not shown) isernployed in connection with thorotery bolt 20 to hold it in its operative and inoperative positions.

l will now describe my positive lockingliolt for locking the breech-bolt 4 end preventing its recoil or backward movement until the recoil or backward mofvement of the barrel and barrel extension on the firing of the firearm has moved seid locking-bolt to disengege it from the breech-holt.

The locking-bolt (marked 23) is preferably mede es shown in Figs. 15 end 16 and Figs. 24 and 25 es a plate with its central part cut Yout or mede open and an extension 22' at each end on one side. Each extension 22 has one edge beveled, es shown. The two exten- IDO IIO

sione/22 form two sepin'nte locking-snrlaees sind Inoki-i n donlile lorlting-liolh By moons ol' the two separate loi-kiiig-surfaces adapted Lo engage two separate recesses in the lneeolr holt obtain u positivo loek to lock the` liroeelrholt and irevent its reeoilor haelv ward motion on the iirinr of the lirenrni until after the reroil ol the lmrrel. l have l'onnd in praetiee that n single locl ing-Surl`nee will not operate Asatis;hietoriI v to look the brevi-lr j holt. The other eide ol' the liolt '22 hoh' n rir4 cular reifss 22 therein to rereive tho round surface .20 on the rotary Inviting-dnd Btl, above descrilwd.

'l'he lint side of the slidingr locking-holt 22 when the holt is in itsv nornml punition rents :ind-hns iti; hearing within the opper Kde of the inline l on the projections 1":ind 1"' on smid frnnio, (see Fig. 6,) und the exteneions 22 on the holt 22 project lip through openings 3 (see Fig. 1S) in the lowerside of the lnirrel extension 3 sind into recesses 4" (see Fig. 13) in the under Side oll the hreeeh-holt 4, (site Fig. 5,) thunl locking the breech-holt 4 und preventing :my recoil or haekward movenient theroof,

At the rein' ol the projections 1E sind le, on whioh the holt 22 rests, are forenses 1f and 1 the front ends of which are slightly inclined or beveled. (See Fig. fil The oroszrhers of the holt 22 are` adapted to lit into the recesses 1lv and lf (see Fig, 3) when the holt 22 is moved back off of the projeotions l and 1' by the recoil or backward movement of the` hiirrel 2 :md barrel extension 3 on the liring of the firearm.

The drop in of the bolt 22 into ,the re-V eessesdf'an 1 causes the projections 22 on.

theholt-EZ to drop out ol' engagement with the recesses 4 in the under side of tlw hroeoh bolt` 4 and leave said holt free to he moved hoek hy the recoil to ejetthr` Sheil und foek the tiring-pin and to be moved form-rrd hy the spring Q to recharge the firearm, (See Fig. As the breech-holt 4 moves forward the forward x'noveinent of the lnirrel '.2 and hart-el eggtension .3, :mutilated hy the springv S), will enlise the holt 22 to move up the inclined endoy of the recesses l" und l and ont ol said reorsses and on to the projections l"` sind 1"" hy renson oll the projertioml 22 extending through the openings I" in the hzurol extenlwion 3 ind omiso snidiprojeetions 22 to enter the recesses 4'* in the hroerh-holt 4 to loek sind holt, ne: shown in Fig.

lt will ho soon thzit tho nrtion ol' the looking-holt 22, with the two )Injections or looking-surfnees 22', to look t e ln'ee-eh-holt 4 is positive, and no SpringI is required to operate the suine.

At the rom end of the l'rnine l [provide i; loel( 23, which in this instance consist of u platte or slide, loosely mounted in n vertical opening in the roar part of the i'riirne, away from and disminnoetoi'l with the nnignzine, und having in, outer ongngiivig und monding; through the lower parly ol the l'rrinn in th-` rear ol the handle and il4 inner voll :nin nml to enter n rees-SSA in the onder fidi ol lhe hreeeh-lmlt` 4, (see Vig. 'ln to hohl 1nd holt Vl in its extrennrein' plmitioo The `lidi` 2J; haten reeiprornlin;r l'oorenwnt :ind in nor'- nnillyY held in im oniel' powiiioomw `hown in Fig. 5, in this instruire lor i .-nndl spin-il exinnsion-spring 24, inrlowd in :i www in fln'` llnndle portionY When thil ln'i-w'li-hnh im drawn linenY into itsmtrennnun iwlrhion nf [er the his( lhell is thi-nin oni und proporre l lor)Y lo reehziri/,ingf the non; I'im ihroinfh the opening-Hille inovinglinol'tlw iorh ,AplinQt 'lille :iction oi Ehe eprint; l l, ,wf Ihn it -i opper end will oxtvnd inlo the linens-torno `loi lf' in the onder sidiA ol' the inherit-lao!! Al, who Fig, 15%,) will hold mid hrwi-lrhoii t in il e\- treme rear piwiion. :ee Vig, 4.) The :irtion oltho spring l) on the in\-irlilolt -1 holds the look 23 in the Slot 4l", hilt the `*light draw-- ing ont of the` holt 4 will release the lorl' 23.

Within the` halndle portion ol' the frame l extends in thib` instruire nn oxpiinuion leal'- Spring 25, whirh hun n1 iin opper end n hlovlt 26 hieh if: iitted to :-iide in grooves in the han lo. portion sind :nti to fon-v np and into position the enrtridjgges t in the ordinary wirr, "fholower end of the Spring' 25 is in this instanco attaolied to the inner slide ol1 the nd plate. 2T of they handley portion. 'iho rnd plate 27 has th` projection 7 on om` end thereof, whieh is adopted 1o extzeini into i roove within the end of the handle, mi. Shown 1n Fig. 6,' and at its other end has u sind 28, Vwith a projection 2S on its inner end, which is adapted to lmnxoif'ed into a ,groove within tho enter end ol' the handle hy the exturnnl thmnbhlteh iiito soeurs the anni plnte i?? to the lower end of the hoodie 'The end late 2T is no wrists-urteil and nttaehed to the end of 'the handle portion tiret it can he rezidiiy removed. Un the removal ol' the end pitite 2T the side pieces 3U of the lmndle con he rondily detfnhed, said sido pieces havingr buttons 3U on their inner snr faces which nre adapted to extend through the slots 1'! and into recesses at the upper end ol` said slots. A button 30 nt the lower end of euch side piece 3() extends into a recess l" in the lower end of the handle portion, als shown hy broken lines in Fig. 19.

0n the front end of the trigger portion at the upper art ofthe trigger-guard. is located n rotary olt 31, having 'e projection 3l thereon which is adapted to extend n in front of the projection. 2' on the lower si e of the barrel 2 (eee Fig. v6) to detmwhahly secure the barrel and hnrrel extension 3 to the upper `parl; of the frame 1 and'prevent their'bemg accidentally detached therefrom. The sind v31 has n eprin,ff-handle` 32 attac-hed thereto anal seid nin ante to hoirirsiail lian( and extendin en the outer side of the trig geguard. .ie downnarfl inovenlen nl' the handle 152, asehown in Fig.' i9, movee the pin ill efr of the .nih of the projection 2 on the iiarr l and a. owe the barrel 2 and barrel e);AV tiene. .in 3 t i he drawn foi-werd en the reme l and lne fleiarhed ileiegufrom. The engaging end nl' ille handle extends: ever the triggerF pin li? and acts lo hold eaiil pin in i Laon,

lle in is From the above -i miniere in wirineeien with the firawngs, the (,peaios'l of rire sev-- eral ,parts of my improvemenia in reeoil-I-reernia will be readiijf unrlereirieri laf; these skilled in the arlI The construction of ilieeide pieeee of tire handle and the manner of a'iecliing ilse seine, shown in the raivinga f infi above rieeeribe, ere ne?.a elaimesi lierein, fire naine forni the eubjeetmaiei oi" anolier applica' zion o? naine, Serial No. 239,995.

li., will ire Hurlers i ilia ihn details of cenerirnrztien of my Y agire \.feine.-,e ina; rieri, ii' ileeirerl.

.iiaving tros deeeriiji "f lelain new, and I; ien: Parent, ia

l4 ln a firearm, the

*elle elidal'ile l fniniiinaien vifli Lire rre :ieri im raueniliereon, armi il eli-.laine breeds-limit iin? mbarrvl extension, of a pi iiivn lool;- .i for Lire lireenlrlmi, inning rive prrr i or losking-enriaeee ilra, and Sup en he frame and ene nur; ilse barrel a un, anal .iinio en :mail olii ei ewitl'i to re-4 Lise ne.

I l f Y :L a. recoin l nre a ,nieuwe Sliding double ,ioeninrbolt 'for lef-.lenig he lireeeleeelt in ite forward nommen, said ioeli` nybolt consisiing oi e plein having its een# trai part open or peri'eraieri, end an einen sion at each end en one sideforining litre liner;Y ingffsurface, and each. extension having ene edge beveled, and said ioelri11g-boli2 operated on lire recoil of the liarrei, to release the ireeelsmlmlt and allow its recoil. i 3. ln a reeoileoperaterl lirearm, the eornlrinazinn with a frame portion, n. barrel, lierrel extension, and a hreeolbliolt slidabie therein, of a positive elideble double loekingiolt, having.: two projei-,tiene leeleing-.eeuriaees -ehereen. and Supported on he upper partY of the frame portion, and engaging the barrel exrensinn at two places, and aslaptedto be moved by the movement of the barrel extensioreinie and out of engagementl with the ,lireeolnbola at @Wo places, to lock the Same i@ ioni; the.

breech-bolt, and the iring-pin therein, and aetnaing-sprixlgs for the breech-belt end the firing-pin, within the breech-bolt, of a senr having e rejection adapt-ed te extend in the perla of t e firing-pin, e trigger, a. trigger pewl for engaging the Sear te move it out of engagement with the firing-pin, and a slidable longitnilinally-moving safety-liar adapt,- esl ro engage the Sear to prevent. its 1nnvenient, said safety-l ar eonneeted with and op ereied by a lever al the rear of the handle, end said leverA In a firearm, the combination with the Sear, and means to operaie it to release the firing-pin to diseherge the iirearm, of a longiindinall' yi-;lif ling, safety-liar extending in groove in the upper of ille frame, adapted to engage directly with the Sear to prevent its Operation, and a lever located aiy the rear of the handle and oennected with said sliding safety-'lien to nieve the same and release the Sear.

6. In a firearm, llie combination with a gear, anti inerme to egel-ate it to release the firing-pin te rlisoharve ille firearm, of a lungik tnilinaliv-slifling, ea 'etv liar moving in e ove in lie upper aide of the frame, and mvv-'ing a. front henk end adapted to engage the Bear to Fevent, its operation, and a lever leeei'eil el, ie rear nl' the handle and connected with said sliding sal'eivdmr, to move the Same and release the Sear. Y

7. In e firearm, the combination with the Rear, and means te operate it te release the {iringqlin to diseliar e the lirearm, of a longit ndinal sliding sa ery-liar, adapted to engage an look the Sear and prevent its opera- Lien, and a lever located al the rear of the lmnrlleanfi {tonne-ieri .virii said sliding safety o more the seme and release /he Sear, and ,a reifer belt having a preiectien there en, end a t nmbever attached to Said bolt er operating the saine, said proieerion adapted robe moved into engagement with the sling safetybar to lock the seme, end-prevent accidental discharge of the firearm, and te be moved out of engagement with the same to release theeliding bar.

8. In a firearm, the cembineton wit-h the frame, and the eliilable breech-bolt, of a slide at the rear of the handle, and away from and disconnected with the magazine, said slide,

firearm, nf a lungitudirml slidin sarl'utyi guggu reucsses in the end nf the handle, to debur, adapted Lu engage und lock L 10 sem' Ln tarclmbly secure sand lcvur to the handle` )rev am, MH u mention m( ever l )ca c i v f 1 |11 I 1 11411 Ltd rw MARTIN BNQ.

u r1 wyoming at thv` rcur of the handle and con- 5 nested directly with said slidin.: snfctyhar Wmessos:

L() nmvu the Salm: und release t. le suur, and J. C. DEWEY, sind lever hzwmg projections thereon tu en- M, HAAR. 

